Jumat, 17 April 2020

latihan ulangan explanatio text semesster genap xi 2020





Text Box: EXPLANATION Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say 'why' and 'how' of the forming of the phenomena. It is often found in the text books of science, geography and history.
 








Making Paper from Woodchips

Wood-chipping is a process used to obtain pulp and paper products from forest trees.
The wood-chipping process begins when the trees are cut down in a selected area of the forest called a coupe.
Next the tops and branches of the trees are cut out and then the logs are taken to the mill.
At the mill the bark of the logs is removed and the logs are taken to a chipper which cuts them into small pieces called woodchips.
The woodchips are then screened to remove dirt and other impurities.
At this stage they are either exported in this form or changed into pulp by chemicals and heat.
The pulp is then bleached and the water content is removed. Finally the pulp is rolled out to make paper.
That is the process of making paper from woodchips.            

B.   Contoh Soal dan Pembahasan
 
Answer these following questions by choosing the most suitable options based on the information provided in the text!


1.      What does the text tell us about?
A.  the use of woodchips  in making paper
B.  the process of making paper from woodchips
C.  the steps of making paper
D.  the series of steps for making woodchips
E.   the procedure of making paper from woodchips

Pembahasan:
Teks di atas secara umum menjelaskan tentang proses pembuatan kertas dari bahan keping kayu. (Indikator 1) 
Jawaban: E

2.      From the text above, we know that… 
A.  Making paper from woodchips doesn’t need heat
B.  the material is bleached to be colourful
C.  chemical and heat help us in changing the materials into the pulp
D.  the pulp has to be coloured before it is rolled out to make paper
E.   making paper from woodchips may bring dangerous waste for our environment

Pembahasan:
Pernyataan yang benar menurut teks di atas adalah chemical and heat help us in changing the materials into the pulp karena peryataan ini secara tersirat dinyatakan di paragraph ke enam yang menyatakan: At this stage they are either exported in this form or changed into pulp by chemicals and heat.(Indikator 4)

Jawaban: C

3.      The chipper functions to…
A.    separate the logs from the branches
B.     cut out the logs from the trees
C.     change the logs into pulp
D.    filter the materials from other substance
E.     change the logs into woodchips

Pembahasan:
Fungsi yang tepat dari chipper adalah untuk memotong gelondong-gelondong kayu menjadi potongan-potongan kayu berukuran kecil sebagaimana secara tersurat dinyatakan di paragraph ke empat yang menyatakan: At the mill the bark of the logs is removed and the logs are taken to a chipper which cuts them into small pieces called woodchips.(Indikator 3).

Jawaban: E

4.      What is the purpose of the text?
A.    To describe the use of woodchips  in making paper
B.     To explain the process of making paper from woodchips
C.     To report the steps of making paper
D.    To give series of steps for making paper from woodchips
E.     To share the procedure of making paper from woodchips

Pembahasan:
Teks di atas berbentuk explanation yang bertujuan memberikan penjelasan tentang bagaimana proses membuat kertas dengan bahan kepingan kayu/woodchips.
(Indikator 2)

Jawaban: B

5.      The woodchips are then screened to remove dirt and other impurities. (Par.5).
The underlined phrase could be replaced by …
A.  are then passed through a filter
B.  are the replaced by another substance without dirt and impurities
C.  are then filtered to separate them from non-useful substance
D.  are then purified by chemicals and other materials
E.   are then changed by a long process of heating

Pembahasan:
Frase are then creened to remove dirt and other impurities bermakna kemudian disaring untuk menghilangkan kotoran ataupun benda-benda lainnya yang mencemari. Statement yang memiliki makna yang sama adalah are then filtered to separate them from non-useful substance yang bermakna kemudian disaring untuk memisahkan mereka dari kotoran ataupun benda-benda lainnya yang mencemarinya. (Indikator 5)

Jawaban: C


C.   Latihan

Directions: Read the following texts, then answer the questions about them by choosing A, B, C, D or E that best answers each question.


The following text is for questions 1 to 4.
Text 1

Text Box: A volcano is a hole in Earth's surface through which magma (called lava when it reaches Earth's surface), hot gases, ash, and rock fragments escape from deep inside the planet. The word volcano also is used to describe the cone of erupted material (lava and ash) that builds up around the opening. Go on to the next page)
Text Box: Volcanic activity is the main process by which material from Earth's interior reaches its surface. Volcanoes played a large part in the formation of Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and continents. When Earth was new, the superheated gases within it (including carbon dioxide) streamed out through countless volcanoes to form the original atmosphere and oceans. Volcanoes are found both on land and under the oceans (where they are called seamounts). Geologists label volcanoes by their periods of activity. If a volcano is erupting, it is called active. If a volcano is not presently erupting but might at some future date, it is called dormant. If a volcano has stopped erupting forever, it is called extinct. Generally, volcanoes are labelled extinct when no eruption has been noted in recorded history. (Taken from http://www.scienceclarified.com)
 
























1.      What is the text about?
A.  The volcanoes which are categorized by Geologists
B.  The argument of the volcano starts eruption
C.  Volcanic activity is the main process
D.  The description of the volcano
E.   How the volcano forms

2.      The main idea of the third paragraph is …
A.  Volcanoes are found both on land and under the oceans
B.  A volcano is a hole in earth’s surface through which magma and other materials escape from deep insight the planet
C.  If a volcano has stopped erupting forever, it is called extinct
D.  The word volcano is also used to describe the cone of erupted material
E.   Volcanoes played a large part in the formation of earth’s atmosphere, oceans, and continents

3.      What is it called  if a volcano is not presently erupting but might at some future date?
A.  Seamount
B.  Volcano
C.  Dormant
D.  Extinct
E.   Active

4.      The word volcano also is used to describe the cone of erupted material (lava and ash) that builds up around the opening. (Par.1)
The underlined words means…
A.  demonstrates
B.  accumulates
C.  stimulates
D.  dedicates
E.   lubricates
The following text is for questions 5 to 6.
Text 2

Text Box: A flood is one of the natural disasters. Flood are caused by many different things. A heavy rain is one of the causes. It begins with heavy rains coming to the land rivers, lakes, streams, and sea. Floods occur when the water of rivers, lake, or streams overflow their banks and then pour out onto the surrounding land. The water pour out because the surrounding land cannot absorb the water. It happens if the land is hard and rocky. Where the banks are low, maybe it is caused by rubbish settled, a river may overflow and flood comes to the lowland. When a flood occurs, it brings destruction to the surrounding land. I causes great suffering and loss of a large sum of money.
 









     



5.      What is the writer’s intention in writing the text above?
A.  To describe the flood
B.  To explain how floods occur
C.  To report the flood
D.  To persuade the readers
E.   To amuse the readers

6.      Where the banks are low, … (Paragraph 2). The underlined word has similar meaning with …
A.  hills
B.  edges
C.  rivers
D.  lands
E.   valleys

The following text is for questions 7 to 10.
Text 3
Text Box: Cancer What is cancer? It is actually a group of more than one hundred separate diseases. Most of us are fear from cancer. It is reasonable because next to heart disease, cancer is the second leading cause of death. Cancer cells come from normal cells because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously. The mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and electromagnetic radiation, viruses, bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free radicals, evolution and ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer. Go on to the next page
 













     


Text Box: Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 cancer cells at any given time in a healthy person. Why do some result in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First, not all damaged cells can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system. Therefore cancer develops if the immune system is not working properly or the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to eliminate. (Simplified from: www.digital-recordings.com/publ/cancer.html)
 













7.      What does the writer’s intention in writing the text above?
A.    To describe the disease
B.     To explain how the disease
C.     To report  about the disease
D.    To persuade the readers
E.     To amuse the readers

8.      What is the topic of the text?
A.  The disease of cancer
B.  The effect of cancer
C.  The characteristic of cancer
D.  How cancer works in a body
E.   How immune system works properly
9.      From the text above we can infer that…
A.  Mutation of DNA is caused by the change from normal cells into cancer cells
B.  Heat and chemicals on food do not give by influence on DNA mutation
C.  Cancer cells have similar potential to  multiply
D.  Cancer develops when the immune system functions properly in a body
E.   It will be a serious problem if the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to eliminate

10.  “Second, those which potentially divide and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the immune system.” (Paragraph 3)
The underlined word refers to …
A.  cancer
B.  cancer cells
C.  persons who suffer cancer
D.  unhealthy bodies
E.   immune system




The following text is for questions 11 to 6.
Text 4
Text Box: Human body is made up of countless million of cells. Food is needed to build up new cells and replace the worn out. However, the food we take must be changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they are needed. This process is called digestion. The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva containing digestive juices which moisten the food, so that it can be swallowed easily. From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus-the food passage-into the stomach. Here the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular wall of intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards. In a few hours, the food changes into acids. The acids are soon absorbed by the villi (microscopic branch projection from the intestine walls) and passed into bloodstream.
 

















11.  Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?
A.  The Process of Saliva.
B.  The Digestive System.
C.  The Food and its Process.
D.  How the Food Changes into Acids.
E.   The Process of Building up New Cells.


12.  Where does the first digestive process take place?
A.  In the mouth.                               D. In the stomach.
B.  In the oesophagus.                                   E. In the muscular wall.
C.  In the small intestine.

13.  The food can be swallowed easily because…
A.  it has been "digested                  D. it is carried by the blood
B.  it is moistened by saliva E. it will pass the esophagus
C.  it is already in the stomach

14.  What is the purpose of the text?
A.  To describe human body
B.  To show the function of blood
C.  To tell the work of intestine
D.  To explain the process of digestive system
E.   To inform the readers about the necessity of food

15.       All the time the muscular wall of intestine are squeezing,… (par.3). The underlined word means…
A.    to hug                                      D. to push up
B.     to obtain slowly                      E. to produce
C.     to press firmly
The following text is for questions 16 to 20.
Text 5

Text Box: Palm Sugar Indonesian people know at least two kinds of sugar: cane sugar and palm or coconut sugar. The second one, with light or dark brown colour, is usually used as sweetener for cooking. Do you know how it is made? Palm sugar is made of the sap of coconut tree. Farmers get the sap by making several slits into the bud of a coconut tree. Traditionally, the sap is collected in a bamboo container hung on the coconut tree. It needs some hours to get the container full of the sap. Some farmers sell the fresh sap as a drink, but others process it to make palm sugar. The process will begin with boiling the sap. It is boiled until it thickens. After that, it is poured into a mould and left until it solidifies. The mould can be bamboo tubes to form cylindrical sugar block, or half of coconut shell to form around ended block. When the boiled sap becomes cold and hard, it is taken from the mould. The palm sugar is ready and we can consume it or sell in markets.  
















16.  What does the text explain?
A.  The kinds of sugar
B.  The hardening of boiled sap
C.  The moulds for sugar shapes
D.  The process of making palm sugar
E.   The process of getting coconut sap

17.  What is the main material making up palm sugar?
A.  Bamboo container                        D. Bamboo tube
B.  Coconut sap                                 E. Coconut oil
C.  Sugarcane

18. Which of the followings is NOT true according to the text?
A.  Coconut sap builds palm sugar directly.
B.  The sap thickens after boiling for a while.
C.  The thickened sap is poured into a mould.
D.  People usually use palm sugar for cooking.
E.   We can consume the sugar after it is cold and hard.

19.     What is the purpose of the text?
A.  To explain the process of getting coconut sap
B.  To describe how useful coconut sap is
C.  To describe how palm sugar is used
D.  To explain how palm sugar is made
E.   To describe what palm sugar is

20.  “..the sap of coconut tree.” (par.3) What is the synonym of sap?
A.  Leaf                                              D. tree
B.  Fruit                                             E. juice
C.  branch

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